Ashafa Murnai Barkiya
Matakin da Babban Bankin Nijeriya (CBN) ya ɗauka na bada lasi ga masu sana’ar canjin kuɗi, wato ‘Bureau De Change’ (BDC) damar shiga Kasuwar Canjin Kuɗi ta Nijeriya (NFEM) ya haifar da sakamako nan take ga naira, tare da rage giɓin da ke tsakanin farashin hukuma da na kasuwar bayan fage.
A makon da ya gabata, CBN ya fitar da wata sanarwa ga Bankunan Dillalan Canji Masu Izini da kuma jama’a game da shiga kasuwar NFEM da aka bai wa BDCs masu lasi. Manufar matakin ita ce ƙara wadatar dala a ɓangaren ‘yan kasuwa da masu saye kai tsaye, da kuma rage matsin lamba a kasuwar bayan fage.
Tun bayan fitar da sanarwar, gibin da ke tsakanin kasuwar hukuma da ta bayan fage ya ragu sosai, tun ma kafin BDCs su fara samun cikakkiyar damar sayen dala.
Bambancin farashin da ya kai Naira 92 a ranar Laraba ta makon jiya ya ragu zuwa Naira 33 a ranar Litinin. Wannan giɓin da ya wuce N90 shi ne mafi faɗi tun bayan da Shugaba Bola Tinubu ya ‘yantar da tsarin canjin kuɗi a 2023.
A ranar Litinin, naira ta kai ƙololuwar shekaru biyu a kasuwar hukuma, inda aka sayar da dala kan N1,347.78. Bayanai daga CBN sun nuna cewa naira ta ƙara ƙarfi da Naira 7.64 idan aka kwatanta da Naira 1,355.42 na ranar Juma’a, wanda ke nuna ƙarin daraja da kashi 0.57%.
A kasuwar bayan fage kuwa, naira ta ƙara ƙarfi zuwa Nara 1,380 kan dala ɗaya bayan ta buɗe ciniki a Naira 1,390. Wannan ya rage giɓin da ke tsakanin kasuwannin da kashi 2.4%, yayin da Naira ta samu Naira 40 idan aka kwatanta da Naira 1,420 na ranar Juma’a.
Da wannan yardar wadda CBN ya bai wa kowane BDC damar sayen har dala $150,000 a mako, ana kallon matakin a matsayin babbar hanya ta ƙara wadatar dala da tallafa wa daidaituwar naira, musamman ga ‘yan kasuwa da masu buƙatar canjin kuɗi na gaskiya.
Ɓangaren BDC na taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da dala ga ƙananan ‘yan kasuwa da masu buƙatar kuɗin waje. A cikin ‘yan shekarun nan, CBN ya aiwatar da gyare-gyare da nufin haɗa farashin canji wuri guda, kawar da karkacewa, da ƙara gaskiya a kasuwa. Wannan ya ba kamfanoni damar tsara harkokin su cikin kwanciyar hankali.
Wani muhimmin ɓangare na gyaran shi ne sake ƙarfafa jari da bai wa BDCs 82 lasisi ƙarƙashin sabuwar doka. Masu lasisi mai daraja ta ɗaya, wato Tier-1 sun tara jarin Naira biliyan 2, yayin da Tier-2 suka tara Naira miliyan 500 duk a matsayin gejin mafi ƙanƙantar jari .
Bisa dokar BOFIA 2020 da ƙa’idojin 2024, CBN ya amince da su tare da bai wa kowannen su damar samun dala kai tsaye daga NFEM.
Sanarwar da Musa Nakorji, daraktan Sashen Ciniki da Canji, ya sanya wa hannu ta jaddada cewa za a bi ƙa’idojin KYC da binciken kwastomomi sosai. An kuma ƙayyade ciniki da dala $150,000 a mako ga kowane BDC, tare da umarnin mayar da duk wata dala da ba a yi amfani da ita ba cikin sa’o’i 24.
Haka kuma, an haramta cinikin ɓangare na uku, an ƙayyade biyan kuɗi da tsabar kuɗi zuwa kashi 25% kawai, yayin da sauran dole su bi ta hanyoyin biyan kuɗi wato zamani ta hanyar turansifa, domin tabbatar da sahihanci da bin diddigi.
Sabbin Ƙa’idoji
da Tsarin Aiki
Tier-1 BDCs za su yi aiki a faɗin ƙasa, yayin da Tier-2 za su taƙaita ga jiha ɗaya ko Abuja. An kuma hana bankuna da sauran cibiyoyin kuɗi mallakar lasisin BDC.
Game da farashin canji, BDCs ba za su wuce ƙarin kashi 1% sama da farashin da suka saya ba.
Sabuwar doka ta kuma ƙayyade cewa ba fiye da kashi 25% na kowace mu’amala za a biya da tsabar kuɗi ba.
Wadatar Dala da Daidaituwar Naira
Masana kamar Bismark Rewane sun bayyana cewa rage giɓin farashin canji alama ce ta samun ingantuwar kasuwa. Ya kuma ƙiyasta cewa naira na iya ƙara daraja idan aka duba tsarin PPP.
Shi ma Shugaban Ƙungiyar ‘Yaj Canji na Nijeriya, Aminu Gwadabe na ABCON, ya ce ƙarin wadatar dala ta BDCs za ta taimaka wajen tabbatar da daidaituwar naira na gode tsawon lokaci.
Ƙarƙashin jagorancin Olayemi Cardoso, CBN ya faɗaɗa hanyoyin samun dala, ciki har da kuɗaɗen ‘yan ƙasar waje (diaspora remittances), da sabbin masu tura kuɗi (IMTOs).
Ta hanyar haɗa BDCs cikin kasuwar hukuma tare da tsauraran ƙa’idoji, CBN na ƙara wadatar dala, wanzar da gaskiya da sama wa naira natsuwa, har ma da tsarin kuɗin ƙasa baki ɗaya.
